What Factors Affect Gravitational Force

Welcome to our Physics lesson on What are the factors affecting the Gravitational Strength?, this is the second lesson of our suite of physics lessons roofing the topic of Types of Forces I. Gravitational Force and Weight, you can notice links to the other lessons within this tutorial and access additional physics learning resources below this lesson.

What are the factors affecting the Gravitational Force?

From our experience, we know (every bit stated before) that Earth attracts usa. Thus, when nosotros jump, nosotros fall again on the ground due to this attraction. However, it is a fact that we attract the Globe as well, although the effect caused by the Earth attraction in our body is more noticeable than the attraction outcome caused by our body on the Earth, due to the divergence in size between the Earth and u.s.. Therefore, the upshot of gravitational allure is mutual.

The fact that the gravitational allure of Earth is more noticeable than that of any other object near its surface, makes united states of america think (rightfully) that the gravitational strength depends on the mass of the objects involved. Thus, more than massive the object, greater the gravitational field (and therefore, the resulting gravitational force) produced. This ways gravitational force is directly proportional to the product of masses of the objects involved.

Some other factor affecting the magnitude of Gravitational Force betwixt two objects is the distance betwixt them. It is obvious that the further away the objects be, weaker the resulting gravitational strength produced is. This ways the Gravitational Force is inversely proportional to the product of the distance betwixt the two objects.

Mathematically, nosotros can write:

Equation 1a

F_g = K × g_ane × one thousand₂ / R²

where 1000₁ and one thousand₂ are the masses of the objects involved, and R is the distance between the objects (from center to centre, not from surface to surface).

The quantity Thou is a constant. Information technology is known as the gravitational constant. Its numerical value is

One thousand = 6.674 × x^-xi North × m² / kg²

The value of constant Grand has been calculated experimentally.

Expect at the figure below:

Physics Tutorials: This image provides visual information for the physics tutorial Types of Forces I. Gravitational Force and Weight

If one object is much heavier than the other, nosotros write K and m for their masses instead of m_one and m_ii , where M stands for the heaviest object and m for the lightest one.

Instance one

What is the gravitational strength exerted past the Earth at a 1 kg object resting on its surface? Take the mass of the Earth equal to five.972 × 10²⁴ kg and the Radius of the Earth equal to 6371 km.

Solution i

Clues:

M = 5.972 × ten²⁴ kg
m = 1 kg
R = 6371 km = 6 371 000 m = six.371 × 10^six m
G = vi.674 × x^-11 N × one thousand²/kg²

Thus, since

Equation 1b

F_g = K × Thousand × k / Rⁱⁱ

we obtain after substituting the known values,

F_g = 6.674 × 10^-11 × 5.972 × 10²⁴ × 1 / (6.371 × 10^{half dozen})² North
= 39.86 × 10¹³ / xl.59 × x¹²
= 0.981 × 10^one N
= 9.81N

You accept reached the stop of Physics lesson 4.2.2 What are the factors affecting the Gravitational Force?. At that place are 5 lessons in this physics tutorial roofing Types of Forces I. Gravitational Force and Weight, you can access all the lessons from this tutorial below.

More Types of Forces I. Gravitational Force and Weight Lessons and Learning Resource

Dynamics Learning Material
Tutorial ID	Physics Tutorial Title	Revision Notes	Revision Questions
4.2	Types of Forces I. Gravitational Force and Weight
Lesson ID	Physics Lesson Title	Lesson	Video Lesson
four.ii.one	What is Gravitational Force? What is Gravitational Field?
4.2.2	What are the factors affecting the Gravitational Force?
4.2.iii	What Quantity Characterizes Mathematically the Gravitational Field?
iv.ii.4	What is Weight?
iv.2.5	The Divergence between Weight and Mass

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